How to Write a Strong Letter of Recommendation (LOR): What Works & Common Mistakes
Guide your recommenders to write impactful LORs — what to emphasise, common pitfalls and how to choose the right people to ask.
▶ Free College Predictor & study-abroad toolsWhat makes a strong LOR
A strong letter is specific, not generic. It gives concrete examples of your work and impact, uses strong language without overblown praise, and explains why you're a fit for the specific programme. A vague, boilerplate letter from a famous name is weaker than a detailed, honest letter from someone who knows you well.
Who to ask
Choose people who know you well enough to write specific examples: professors you've worked with, research advisors, project supervisors, or professional managers. Avoid family friends or famous people who barely know you. Two academic LORs are standard for master's; one professional LOR is often acceptable.
How to help your recommender
Give them: (1) your CV, (2) a one-page list of specific projects/work you did together, (3) your SOP so they understand your goals, (4) the application deadline (remind them 2–3 weeks before), and (5) the programme name and why it fits you. This context makes their letter much stronger.
What to ask them to emphasise
Technical skills relevant to your field, work ethic and reliability, leadership or teamwork examples, and how you handled challenges. Ask them to explain a specific project you led or a result you achieved.
Common pitfalls to avoid
Generic praise ('hardworking, intelligent, well-mannered') without examples. Vague comparisons ('top 10% of students I've taught'). Negative or lukewarm statements. Letters submitted late. Long, unfocused letters that bury the key points.
Waive your right to see it (mostly)
Programmes often ask if you've waived your right to see the letter. Waiving it (saying 'no, I haven't') signals the letter is candid and unfiltered — and slightly increases weight. But some recommenders feel more comfortable if they know you'll see it. Discuss with them.
Timeline
Ask recommenders 3–4 weeks before deadlines. Follow up gently 1 week before. Most recommenders submit online via the university's portal — make sure they receive the link.