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🌐 Globalisation & Culture Vocabulary for IELTS & TOEFL
Vocabulary for discussing international trade, cultural exchange, global movements, and cross-cultural issues—essential for IELTS essays on globalization impact.
▶ Practise with audioGlobalisation & Culture word list
homogenization noun — the process of making different things similar or uniform
“Cultural homogenization threatens the preservation of indigenous traditions.” ↗ standardization
“Cultural homogenization threatens the preservation of indigenous traditions.” ↗ standardization
diaspora noun — a group of people dispersed from their homeland living in foreign countries
“The Indian diaspora maintains strong cultural connections across continents.” ↗ dispersed population
“The Indian diaspora maintains strong cultural connections across continents.” ↗ dispersed population
assimilation noun — the process of adapting to and becoming part of a different culture
“Assimilation of immigrants varies depending on community integration efforts.” ↗ integration
“Assimilation of immigrants varies depending on community integration efforts.” ↗ integration
trade agreement phrase — a formal arrangement between countries to reduce tariffs and facilitate commerce
“International trade agreements have lowered barriers to global commerce.” ↗ commercial treaty
“International trade agreements have lowered barriers to global commerce.” ↗ commercial treaty
multinational adj — operating in or involving multiple countries
“Multinational corporations influence economies and employment worldwide.” ↗ international
“Multinational corporations influence economies and employment worldwide.” ↗ international
interconnected adj — linked together; dependent on each other in relationships
“Global supply chains are highly interconnected, making economies vulnerable.” ↗ linked
“Global supply chains are highly interconnected, making economies vulnerable.” ↗ linked
outsourcing noun — the practice of using external companies to perform business functions
“Manufacturing outsourcing to Asia reduced production costs significantly.” ↗ contracting out
“Manufacturing outsourcing to Asia reduced production costs significantly.” ↗ contracting out
cultural exchange phrase — the mutual sharing of cultural elements between different societies
“International student programs promote cultural exchange and understanding.” ↗ cultural interaction
“International student programs promote cultural exchange and understanding.” ↗ cultural interaction
imperialism noun — the policy of extending a country's control over other territories
“Historical imperialism shaped political boundaries and cultures worldwide.” ↗ dominance
“Historical imperialism shaped political boundaries and cultures worldwide.” ↗ dominance
sovereignty noun — the right of a nation to govern itself without external interference
“Global treaties sometimes require countries to compromise national sovereignty.” ↗ independence
“Global treaties sometimes require countries to compromise national sovereignty.” ↗ independence
commodity noun — a raw material or product traded on global markets
“Oil is a crucial commodity affecting global economic stability.” ↗ product
“Oil is a crucial commodity affecting global economic stability.” ↗ product
localization noun — adaptation of products or services to local culture and preferences
“Successful localization requires understanding regional consumer preferences.” ↗ customization
“Successful localization requires understanding regional consumer preferences.” ↗ customization
migration noun — movement of people from one country or region to another
“Economic migration drives population changes in developing regions.” ↗ movement
“Economic migration drives population changes in developing regions.” ↗ movement
xenophobia noun — fear or hatred of foreigners and foreign cultures
“Rising xenophobia threatens social cohesion in multicultural societies.” ↗ intolerance
“Rising xenophobia threatens social cohesion in multicultural societies.” ↗ intolerance
tariff noun — a tax imposed on imported or exported goods
“Trade wars involve imposing steep tariffs on imported products.” ↗ tax
“Trade wars involve imposing steep tariffs on imported products.” ↗ tax
supply chain phrase — the network of organizations involved in producing and delivering goods
“COVID-19 disrupted global supply chains affecting product availability.” ↗ distribution network
“COVID-19 disrupted global supply chains affecting product availability.” ↗ distribution network
cultural preservation phrase — efforts to maintain and protect traditional cultures and heritage
“UNESCO supports cultural preservation of endangered languages and traditions.” ↗ heritage protection
“UNESCO supports cultural preservation of endangered languages and traditions.” ↗ heritage protection
glocalization noun — adaptation of global products to local markets and preferences
“Glocalization allows McDonald's to serve rice-based items in Asian markets.” ↗ localized globalization
“Glocalization allows McDonald's to serve rice-based items in Asian markets.” ↗ localized globalization
emerging market phrase — a country with rapid economic growth and increasing investment opportunities
“India and Vietnam are considered emerging markets with huge growth potential.” ↗ developing economy
“India and Vietnam are considered emerging markets with huge growth potential.” ↗ developing economy
cultural diversity phrase — the existence of different cultures and traditions within society
“Cultural diversity enriches communities and fosters innovation.” ↗ multicultural society
“Cultural diversity enriches communities and fosters innovation.” ↗ multicultural society